Effects of Therapeutic Hypothermia on Improving Neurological Recovery and Reduction of Mortality After Global Ischemia in Patients with Myocardial Infarction

M. Waqas¹, A. Taghdiri¹, M. Hejazi¹, Apsa Kallur¹

¹ Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University

Introduction

An estimate of 5 million patients is admitted to the ER in US per annum with the chief complaint of acute chest pain and over 800,000 people have an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) of which 27% pass away, most of them before even reaching the hospital. The aim of the article is to review better methods that can be provided to such patients so that it may increase their likelihood of short as well as long-term survival, especially evaluate if hypothermia improves the neurological recovery and reduces mortality after a global ischemia in patients with Myocardial Infarction.

Methods

By using “Hypothermia in patients with myocardial infarction, therapeutic hypothermia, hypothermia therapy for patients with MI” we search articles in MEDLINE, COHRANE, The Lancet, The New England Journal of Medicine with restricted data from 2013-2022. For selection criteria of the articles were English language, types of study, such as Research articles, review articles, case reports, clinical trials and case studies were used. For review we choose only articles with full text available.

Results

A total of seven research papers were selected for the study, encompassing a diverse patient population of 1,066 individuals with a history or current presence of myocardial infarction (MI). The sample was comprised of individuals from various ethnic and socio demographic backgrounds.

Conclusion

The objective of the review was to evaluate the evidence supporting the hypothesis that administering hypothermia therapy to patient’s post-myocardial infarction (MI) can improve short- and long-term outcomes, compared to not receiving the therapy. A range of methods were utilized to achieve hypothermia, with a target temperature of 31-34°C. The results of the included studies indicated that the administration of therapeutic hypothermia was associated with improved outcomes, including improved cardiac rhythm, better neurological function, reduced mortality rates, and a significantly higher number of patients alive at hospital discharge, compared to the control group not receiving therapeutic hypothermia.